明代应天府乡试举人总数及其时空分布特点

The Amount of Yingtianfu Provincial Candidates and Their Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics in Ming Dynasty

明代应天府乡试规模及产生举人数皆为全国之冠,其中10 588名南直隶籍举人分布呈现南多北少,总体从东南向西北递减,并随时间推移南北差距越来越大等特点。各府附郭县在举人分布上优势明显,而府学中式举人大部分属附郭县则是其客观原因之一。957名外籍举人地理分布则来源广泛,但极不平衡;91%外籍举人集中在浙江、江西和福建三省。

The provincial examination scale and the amount of Yingtianfu provincial candidates ranked the first in the country in Ming Dynasty.The distribution of10588provincial candidates from Nanzhi shows that more candidates are from the south than the north.It decreases from the southeast to the northwest.And the gap between the south and the north is increasing over the time.One objective reason is that most provincial candidates from school of prefecture belong to counties at the prefecture sites.The distribution of957provincial candidates from other provinces is extensive sources and very imbalance.And91%provincial candidates from other provinces are from Zhejiang,Jiangxi and Fujian.