复合织物的研究现状

Research Status of Composite Fabrics

复合织物由于是多种材料的复合,既保持了原组分材料的性能特点,又可以通过材料设计使各组分的性能相互补充。本文阐述了复合织物的定义及其在国内外的发展历程,介绍并归纳了织物的复合技术,包括织物结构的设计、织物层压技术、涂层技术、聚合法、化学镀、真空镀及溅镀技术等。按照复合织物研究及应用现状,阐述了复合织物的主要性能,即防水透湿性能、抗静电性能、电磁屏蔽性能、光催化降解性能、调温性能等。结果表明,多功能复合织物的研发是未来发展趋势,同时要注意所用材料及其开发过程的环保性。

Owing to a combination of various materials,composite fabrics not only have maintained theperformance characteristics of the original components,but also made the components complement eachother by material designing.In this paper,concept and development history of composite fabrics wereintroduced;compounding technologies including structural designing,laminating,coating,polymerizationmethod,chemical plating,vacuum deposition,sputtering,etc.were described.Based on the research andapplication status of composite fabrics,main properties such as waterproof and moisture permeability,antistatic property,electromagnetic shielding performance,photocatalytic degradation performance,thermalcontrol performance,etc.were expounded.Results show that the research of multifunctional compositefabric is future development trend.Meanwhile,sustainability of materials and the manufacturing process isstill an important issue.