皖南山区红豆杉多糖提取、纯化方法及单糖组成分析

Extraction and Purification of Polysaccharides from Stems and Leaves of Taxus Grown in Mountain Areas in Southern Anhui Province and Their Monosaccharide Composition

研究皖南地区野生红豆杉茎、叶中多糖的提取、纯化方法,分析其单糖组成情况。结果表明,闪式提取为最佳提取方法,其中太平红豆杉细茎和黟县红豆杉叶多糖提取量最高,分别达到7.09、10.25 mg/g,其中细茎比粗茎多糖含量高10~20倍。Sevag法脱蛋白效果最好,对太平红豆杉细茎、黟县红豆杉叶多糖的脱蛋白率分别为66.5%、69.1%。H_2O_2法脱色效果最好,对太平红豆杉细茎、黟县红豆杉叶多糖的脱色率为84.2%、85.3%。红外光谱显示,红豆杉细茎、粗茎和叶多糖谱图相似。2个产地的红豆杉细茎、粗茎和叶中精制多糖Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ,三者单糖种类相似,木糖物质的量比均较高,但单糖组成比例不同。该研究为红豆杉多糖的开发和应用提供参数。

The extraction and purification of polysaccharides from the stems and leaves of wild Taxus chinensis var.mairei(Lemée et Lévl.)Cheng et L.K.Fu grown in mountain areas in the south of Anhui province were investigated and their monosaccharide compositions were determined.The results indicated that flash extraction was the best method to extract polysaccharides from these plant materials.The yields of polysaccharides extracted from thin stems from Taiping county and leaves from Yi county were the highest(7.09and10.25mg/g,respectively).Thin stems contained10-20times more polysaccharides than did thick ones.The Sevag method gave the highest deproteinization rate(66.5%and69.1%for crude polysaccharides extracted from thin stems from Taiping county and leaves from Yi county,respectively).The highest decolorization rate(84.2%and85.3%for the two crude samples,respectively)was achieved by using hydrogen peroxide.Infrared spectra of polysaccharides extracted from thin and thick stems as well as leaves were similar.The purified polysaccharides(Ⅰ,ⅡandⅢ)from thin and thick stems as well as leaves contained a similar monosaccharide composition with xylose being predominant,but varying in monosaccharide ratio.These findings can provide valuable information for the development and application of polysaccharides from Taxus plants.