室内灰尘中有机磷酸酯的分布及其健康风险

Distribution characteristic of OPEs in indoor dust and its health risk

采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪定量分析了高校和居民住宅各室内环境灰尘中7种典型有机磷酸酯(OPEs)的浓度及分布,发现Tn BP、TCPP、TPh P检出率较高,空调灰尘的OPEs检出率为100%,而超市灰尘中OPEs均未检出;Σ7OPEs浓度范围为317.44~2566.97ng/g,低于发达国家.体育馆、寝室、教室、复印店人群活动频繁的区域灰尘中Σ7OPEs的浓度较高(1836.85~2566.97ng/g),停车场中的浓度相对较低(317.44ng/g).高校室内灰尘中以苯基磷酸酯(56%)为主,TPh P的平均浓度为937.26ng/g,而居民住宅内则以氯代磷酸酯为主(60%),平均浓度为448.12ng/g,以TCPP为主要单体.成人通过室内灰尘摄入OPEs的日均暴露剂量为0.60ng/(kg·d)(以体重计),儿童的日均暴露剂量为2.51ng/(kg·d)(以体重计),儿童的日暴露剂量明显高于成人,主要以手-口摄入为主要途径.

Organophosphates esters(OPEs)in dust collected from the classrooms of university and residencial sites were determined using GC-MS.Concentrations and profiles of seven OPEs including Tri-n-butyl phosphate(TnBP),Tris(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate(TEHP),Tributoxyethyl Phosphate(TBEP),Triphenyl Phosphate(TPhP),tri(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP),Trichloropropyl phosphate(TCPP)and Tridichloropropyl phosphate(TDCPP)were discussed in this work.The concentration ofΣ7OPEs varied from317.44to2566.97ng/g,which is lower than those reported in the developed countries.TnBP,TCPP and TPhP exhibited high detection rates in all the dust samples.Particularly,the detection rate of OPEs was100%for air-conditioning dust,while it was zero for the supermaket dust.TheΣ7OPEs with high concentration(1836.85~2566.97ng/g)were observed in the samples related to strong human activities,such as gymnasium,dormitories,classrooms and copy shop,while it was relatively low in the parking lot(317.44ng/g).Phenylphosphate,with mean concentration of937.26ng/g,dominated the TPhP profile(56%)in the dust from classroom,while the chloro phosphates with mean concentration of448.12ng/g dominated the TCPP profile in the residential dust(60%).The average exposure of OPEs for adults was estimated to be0.60ng/(kg?d).It was lower than that of children(2.51ng/(kg?d))due to the prominent exposure path through mouth for children.