大麻纤维微生物脱胶菌株的筛选、鉴定及其应用

Screening and Identifying Strains for Microbial Degumming of Hemp and their Application

为了筛选并获得高效的大麻纤维脱胶菌株,以沤麻液为筛选来源,采用选择平板进行初筛,再以摇瓶脱胶实验进行复筛,以脱胶麻的残胶率为指标,筛选大麻脱胶微生物.最终获得两株高效的脱胶菌株,经形态学和16S,rRNA鉴定均属于枯草芽胞杆菌.大麻分别经两株菌和两株菌混合脱胶4,d后,残胶率由原麻的50%,左右都降低到了13%,左右,纤维素含量由原麻的50%,都增长到82%,,肉眼观察纤维完全发散,色泽光亮洁白,在电镜下扫描观察没有明显的纤维损伤.这说明筛选到的两株枯草芽胞杆菌都具有应用到大麻脱胶工业的潜力,也为大麻的生物法脱胶提供了一定的依据.

For screening and obtaining microbial strains suitable for degumming of hemp,two fine strains were selected from the degumming liquid through preliminary screening using selection plates and then rescreening again using shake flask.The residual gum rate of degummed hemp was taken as the index.Two effective strains for degumming hemp were obtained,which were identified as Bacillus subtilis through sequence analysis of16,S rRNA and morphology observation.The raw hemp was put into a shaker at37,℃for4,days with the strains;correspondingly the residual gum rate was decreased from50%,to13%,and the cellulose content increased from50%,to82%,.SEM shows that the fiber was completely divergent and in bright white color without obvious damage.These results indicate that the screened strains possess the potential to be applied to industry and the research has provided important parameters for degumming hemp by microorganism.