对行政诉讼法受案范围修改之检讨

A Review of the Modification of the Scope of Case Acceptance in the Administrative Procedure Law

新修订的行政诉讼法通过增加肯定式列举内容、撤销判决、对行政行为概念的解释、增加判决类型和规章确定的行政主体等方式扩大了行政诉讼的受案范围。但遗憾的是:行政诉讼受案范围的确定方式的低级错误仍然存在,部分内容是对原有法律制度的重复,将"具体行政行为"修改为"行政行为"没有任何意义,内部行政行为依然游离于行政诉讼受案范围之外,行政合同原本就是行政诉讼的受案范围事项,行政事实行为,准行政行为仍未纳入到行政诉讼的受案范围。这样的修改不能达到行政诉讼法修改的目的,不能全面落实十八届四中全会精神,使行政诉讼法在其他方面的修改意义不大。有必要通过修改行政诉讼受案范围确定方式、建立行政公益诉讼制度、建立行政法院、缩小否定式列举范围和明确判例法等方式来完善行政诉讼的受案范围。

The newly revised Administrative Procedure Law has expanded the scope of case acceptance in administrativelitigation by increasing the content of affirmative listing,revoking the judgment,explaining the concept of administra-tive actions,increasing the types of judgments and administrative bodies determined by regulations. Unfortunately,theerror remains unchanged in the methods that determine the scope of case acceptance in administrative litigation,part ofthe content repeats the original legal system,the revision of 'specific administrative act' to 'administrative action' makes no sense,internal administrative actions is still not included in the scope of administrative litigation,the adminis-trative contract has always been within the scope while the administrative factual act and the quasi-administrative act arenot included in the scope. Such revision can not achieve the purpose of the amendment of the Administrative ProcedureLaw and fails to fully implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18 th CPC Central Committee,making therevision of other parts of the Administrative Procedure Law little significant. It is necessary to improve the scope of admin-istrative litigation by better defining the scope of case acceptance,establishing free or low-cost administrative litigationsystem for the public good,setting up administrative courts,narrowing the scope of negative listing and clarifying thecase law.