简述河西走廊的地理形胜——以明代陕西行都司建制选择甘州之原因为视角

Geographic Centers of the Hexi Corridor——To the Perspective of Ming Dynasty Shananxi Hsing Tu-ssu Selection Reasons of Ganzhou District

河西走廊地处黄河以西,位于祁连山与龙首山、合黎山等山脉之间,狭长且直,是联系中原同西域政治、经济、文化相互交往的必经之路。其地势险要,地理位置优越,分布有高山、绿洲、戈壁、沙漠,拥有石羊河、黑河、疏勒河三大内流河水系。明廷对河西走廊作了全方位的战略审视,其中对甘州的经营尤为重视,主要体现在陕西行都司治所的迁移。随着战争形势的不断变化,陕西行都司治所由河州移至庄浪再移至甘州,最终确立了甘州的战略防务体系,这是由甘州地处河西走廊中段、地理形胜比其它各州更为重要所决定的。

Located in the west area beyond the Yellow River,Hexi Corridor is long and straightforward,andbetween the mountains of Qilian Mountains,Longshou Mountains,Heli Mountains and so on,which is also theway to connect Central Plain to the politics,economy and culture with the west.Its geographical location is important and superior to the lowland distributing mountains,plain,hill,lowland and gobi dessert including the drainage system of Shiyang River,Heihe River and Shile River.The government of the Ming dynasty made a strategicreview of Hexi corridor,which paid more attention to the operation of Ganzhou,mainly in the migration of theShanxi region moved from Hezhou to Zhuanglang then to Ganzhou and eventually set Strategic defense system.And its reason is that the situation of the war changed Ganzhou’s strategic defense system which is dependent onthe important location in the middle of the Hexi Corridor and geographic characteristic that is superior to otherstates.