中国教育学的文化困境与重建——基于“文化存在论教育学”的思考

The Culture Crisis and Reconstruction of Chinese Pedagogy——Based on the Reflection of the Pedagogy of Cultural Existentialism

近百年来,在西学东渐的过程中,中国教育学面临的最大问题是对传统文化的关注不够。面对中国教育学的文化困境,基于文化存在论教育学的思考,中国的教育学必须重建其文化精神、文化价值、文化伦理与文化意识。首先,教育目标理应回归传统文化的"大德敦行"这一终极目的。教育之终极目标在此,文化精神重建的核心亦在此。其次,教育内容必须重建传统文化的"良知之学",必须关注传统文化所心心念念的"良知之知",回到传统文化所倡导的"良知之情",并切实转化为"良知之行"。再次,教育方法应当转向传统文化的"以善至善",做到方法善与本质善的统一。最后,教育实施要重建传统文化的"虚壹而静",中国的教育改革呼唤意识觉醒的教育者,呼唤静待花开的教育者。

In the past hundred years,in the process of learning experiences of Western pedagogy,the big problem of Chinese pedagogy is insufficient to borrow the ideas of Chinese traditional culture.Facing the cultural dilemma of Chinese pedagogy and based on the reflection of the Pedagogy of Cultural Existentialism,Chinese pedagogy must rebuild its cultural spirit,cultural value,cultural ethics and cultural awareness.First,the objective of education should return the ultimate objective,“to practice morality firmly”.The ultimate aim of education is here and the core of rebuilding cultural spirit is here,too.In the second place,educational contents must reestablish the“study of intuitive knowledge”in traditional culture.Chinese pedagogy must show solicitude for the“knowledge of intuitive knowledge”in traditional culture,must be back to the“feeling of intuitive knowledge”in traditional culture,and must practically change into the“behavior of intuitive knowledge”in traditional culture.In addition,the methodology of education ought to return back to the“good educating method causing good educating outcome”in traditional culture,to unite the good method and good essence.Last,the implementation of education asks for rebuilding the“modest,attentive and silent”in traditional culture.Chinese education is calling for the educator with awakening consciousness and calling for the educator who are waiting for the blossoming.