液态金属电池的研究进展

Progress of liquid metal battery

介绍了美国麻省理工学院(MIT)正在研发的液态金属电池,其三液态层体系的独特结构避免了限制传统电池寿命的微观电极退化机制,给予了液态金属电池超长的循环寿命。综述了此类电池的基本原理与优良特性、早期研究以及MIT最新研究现状,指出了影响液态金属电池性能的难题和各类电池成分存在的挑战。未来液态金属电池的研究领域充满机遇,目前锂基体系表现出很有吸引力的性能指标,代表了液态金属电池的研究发展方向。

A novel liquid metal battery technology was reviewed,which was developed by Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT).The unique design of the three-liquid-layer system could circumvent the microstructural degradation problems inside electrodes that limited the cycle life of traditional batteries,thus enable the potential for extraordinarily long cycle life.The principle,characters,earlier works and current research of the liquid metal battery were summarized.Major obstacles to demonstrate performance and challenges of several battery chemistries were also presented.The research scope of liquid metal batteries was full of new opportunities in the future.Recently,the lithium-based salt chemistries offer attractive economic performance,indicating the research direction of the Liquid metal batteries.