民国时期现代大学制度的生成及发展

The Construction and Development of Modern University System during the Republic of China

中华民国成立后政体的根本转换以及社会的急剧转型,为现代大学制度的生成提供了机遇和条件。现代大学制度的建设经历了从最初借鉴外国到结合国情加以修正与选择的过程,于20世纪20年代中期在宏观法令与办学实践两个层面上得以基本确立。南京国民政府时期,现代大学制度虽不断受到冲击,但仍发挥重要作用。反思民国时期现代大学制度的作用,我们认为应是"双一流"大学建设的重要组成部分。其重点是建立完善的大学自治制度并提供充分的学术自由,保障广大教师作为大学教育主体作用的发挥。

The fundamental conversion of regime and rapid transformation of society after the founding of the Republic of China provide good opportunities and conditions for the formation of modern university system.The construction of modern university system underwent a process that was from initial usage of foreign experience to modification and choice with national conditions,and it was basically established in terms of macro laws and educational practice in the middle of1920s.Although modern university system was confronted with continuous attacks at that time,it still played a significant role.By reflecting the effects of modern university during the Republic of China,we reckon that modern university system is supposed to a key component of the construction of double first-class university,and its focus lies in establishing sophisticated university autonomy system,supplying adequate academic freedom and ensuring the majority of teachers'main body status in university education.