3431例麻疹患儿流行病学和临床特征分析

Analysis on epidemiology and clinical characteristics of 3431 pediatric patients with measles

目的分析儿童麻疹的流行病学和临床特征。方法采用描述性统计方法,回顾分析2008至2015年3 431例麻疹患儿的临床资料。结果儿童麻疹发病3~4年出现一个流行高峰,2009、2013和2015年均出现发病高峰。3~5月份为高发季节。儿童麻疹发病年龄主要集中在1岁以内,8个月内婴儿麻疹发病趋势随着月龄逐月增加;临床表现仍以典型症状为主,主要为发热、皮疹、咳嗽和卡他症状等;主要并发症为肺炎、喉炎和心功能不全。结论临床需加强对麻疹的早期识别能力及并发症的诊断和治疗。

Objective To analyze the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of the children with measles.Methods Retrospectivelyanalyzed methods were applied to analyze the timing,and season of the break,age distribution,clinical manifestationsand major complications of3431children with measles(<12years)in the Second Hospital of Nanjing from2008to2015.Results It found that there was a peak incidence of measles in children each in2009,2013,and2015,peaking in Marchto May.Onset age of measles mainly within the first year of life,and incidence increased with age within the first8months.Typical clinical manifestations are mainly fever,rash,cough,and catarrhal symptoms.The main complications of measles werepneumonia,laryngitis and heart failure.Conclusions Early diagnosis and effective treatment of the children with measles needsto be strengthened.