锂硫电池用硫化锂正极复合材料的研究现状

Research status of lithium sulfide composites as cathode for lithium sulfur battery

锂硫电池采用硫化锂作为正极材料时,不仅具有较高的理论比容量(1166m A?h/g),还可用高嵌锂能力的碳或硅材料代替金属锂负极,有效避免锂枝晶刺穿隔膜造成的短路现象,故该储能体系为国内外学者所广泛关注。本文围绕硫化锂/金属、硫化锂/碳、硫化锂/导电聚合物3类复合材料体系综述硫化锂正极复合材料近年来的研究现状。同时,对电极材料的设计和功能化制备进行了阐述,指出了硫化锂正极复合材料未来的研究方向应注重不同导电复合材料的协同使用,并注重电极材料的结构设计,向多元复合、多级结构方向发展。另外,还要通过降低硫化锂的粒径以提高活性物质负载量和循环稳定性,最终获得高性能的锂硫电池。

Lithium sulfide,as one of the cathode materials for lithium sulfur battery,not only has a high theoretical capacity(1166mA?h/g),but also permits utilization of carbon or silicon materials as an anode material instead of lithium metal.So it exhibits better safety performance and higher practical capacity.The energy storage system has attracted widely attentions from both domestic and foreign scholars.In this review,the recent progress of lithium sulfide composited with metal,carbon,and conducting polymers and used as cathode materials for lithium-sulfur batteries is demonstrated.Moreover,the design and functionalization of lithium sulfide cathode materials are discussed as well.In the future,the research should be focused on the synergetic composition with various conductive materials and the design of their new structure.At the same time,reducing the particle size of lithium sulfide to improve the loading amount of active material is also playing a key role in stabilizing the cycling performance.Finally,the lithium-sulfur batteries with high performance is expected to be accomplished in decades.