中国制造业在“一带一路”价值增值能力的驱动因素

The Driving Forces of China's Manufacturing Industry's Value-added Capacity in the Belt and Road Region

建设"一带一路"是中国在经济全球化背景下提出的发展战略,其宗旨是谋求沿线各国和地区多元、自主、平衡、可持续发展,有利于中国制造业中资本密集型细分行业转移,通过降低成本来实现自身价值增值。以产出投入占比筛选细分行业,基于"微笑曲线"四要素理论阐述中国制造业在"一带一路"区域增值的驱动因素,研究表明,产出投入占比中国制造业在全球价值链中的地位偏低、参与度较高、显优排名逐年上升;中国制造业细分行业间差异性较大,发展电子、光学等高技术含量的制造业是提高增值能力的根本;应加大自有资金投入力度,结合技术商业化、利用风险资本投入巩固先进技术优势,增强企业核心竞争力,巩固并强化微笑曲线中高利润点的优势,从根本上提高企业自身的价值增值能力,同时推动制造业由生产型向生产服务型转变,通过掌控增值环节形成比较优势,进而提高在全球价值链中的地位。

The Belt and Road Initiative is China’s development strategy under the background of economic globalization;the purpose of that is to pursue the diversified,independent,balanced and sustainable development of all the countries along the Belt and Road;and it will be beneficial for China’s manufacturing industry to realize the transformation of its capital-intensive subsections and its own added-value by reducing cost.The author screens the subsections with the help of input-output ratio,and explains the driving forces for China’s manufacturing industry to realize the added-value in the Belt and Road region based on the four-factors-theory of smiling curve.It is found that:first,the position of China’s manufacturing industry in global value chain is low in terms of input-output ration,the degree of participation in global value chain is higher,and the rank in terms of revealed comparative advantage has been gradually improved year by year;differences among subsections of China’s manufacturing industry are significant,and the development of such high-tech industries as electronic and optics industries is the sources for us to improve the capacity for value-added;and we should increase investment of equity fund,consolidate the advantage of advanced technology by using technology commercialization and venture capital,enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises,consolidate and strengthen the advantage of high profit points in smiling curve,fundamentally improve enterprises’capacity for value-added,promote the transformation from producer to producing servicer,and foster the comparative advantage by controlling value-added to improve our position in global value chain.