从意愿到事实:农民工养老保险参保意愿和行为差异的影响因素研究

From the Willingness to the Fact:the Influencing Factors in the Differences Between the Willingness and the Behavior to Participate in the Rural Migrant Workers' Old-age Insurance

农民工参加养老保险对于化解农民工老年生活风险具有重要作用,也是农民工融入城市的重要途径。研究认为,农民工养老保险参保意愿和参保行为之间存在差异,并利用二项logit回归模型,基于社会外部结构和个体自身结构的双重结构,考察促使参保意愿向参保事实转变的实现条件。研究发现,农民工能否实现从参保意愿到实际参保行为的跨越,一方面主要受缴费水平是否合理、用工环境是否完善、群内社会互动水平等外部条件制约,另一方面与性别、受教育程度、居留时间、收入水平等自身条件有关。这对于调整和完善农民工养老保险的政策制定具有启示意义。

The rural migrant workers’old-age insurance plays an important role in defusing the risk of old age,which is also an important way of city integration.There are differences between the willingness and the behavior to participate in the rural migrant workers’old-age insurance,using the logit regression model,based on the dual structure of the external society structure and the individual’s own structure,examining the realization conditions of the willingness changing into the facts.It shows that,whether the migrant workers can cross over from the willingness to the real behavior,under the external conditions,is mostly relevant with the system,the supply of the employer and the social interaction within the group;under their own conditions,is mostly relevant with the gender,education level,income level and residence time.These conclusions have implications for the adjustments and improvement of the migrant workers’old-age insurance policy.