中国与澳大利亚绵羊养殖成本收益与生产效率比较——主要基于2014、2015年的数据

Comparison of cost benefit and production efficiency between Chinese and Australian sheep farming:Mainly based on data of 2014 and 2015

中国与澳大利亚绵羊生产成本收益比较表明:中国及其主产省份单位绵羊人工投入以及饲草料成本明显高于澳大利亚及其主产区新南威尔士、维多利亚;澳大利亚绵羊养殖成本主要在机械使用成本、幼畜购进费、服务费用三个方面高于中国,资金利息在澳大利亚绵羊养殖总成本中占较大比重。绵羊养殖生产效率对比表明:2015年中国绵羊养殖经济效率落后于澳大利亚,全要素生产率呈下降趋势,年均增长-2.06%;规模效率是驱动澳大利亚全要素生产率改善的主要因素,年均增长4.05%。要进一步提高中国绵羊养殖生产效率,需要加强政策保护力度,吸引社会资本;应发展适度规模养殖,增加科技投入,以降低养殖成本。

Comparison of production cost and income between Chinese and Australian sheep shows that China unit laborinput of main production provinces and forage cost are significantly higher than the cost of Australia,New South Wales,Vitoria.The mechanical using cost,purchase fee and service cost in New South Wales,Vitoria and Australia are higherthan that of China,and interest on funds accounted for a large proportion in the total cost of Australia.That sheepbreeding production efficiency’s comparison shows that,in2015,Chinese sheep farming economic efficiency lagged thatof Australia,China’s total factor productivity decreased,and the average annual growth was-2.06%,scale efficiency wasthe main driving factor of TFP improvement in Australia,the average annual growth was4.05%.In order to furtherimprove the efficiency of sheep breeding in China,it is necessary to strengthen policy protection and attract social capital,to develop moderate scale farming and increase the scientific and technological input to reduce the cost of farming.