国礼动物变化趋势及检疫监管

Analysis on the Changing Trend and Quarantine and Supervision for Animals Used as National Gift

为了解国礼动物发展现状,给优化检疫管理政策提供支持,本文梳理了自1949年以来我国接收国礼动物和作为国礼走出国门的年代、动物物种及赠送和受赠国家等情况,阐述了动物作为国礼的原因、变化趋势,分析了其在政治、运输饲养、疫病传播等方面存在的风险,提出了通过部门协作、通关运输、隔离检疫、饲养与治疗、防疫消毒、信息沟通、应急处置等措施,来提升对国礼动物监管水平的建议。

The study aims to recognize the development status of the animals used as national gift for exchange among countries,and to provide support for optimizing the quarantine and management policy.In this article,relative information for such animals that were sent and received since the foundation of China were analyzed,which included the time for such events,animal species and granting countries.Based on the analysis,the reason why these animals were used as national gift and the variation trend were described,then risk points existing in politics,transportation and feeding and disease spreading were identified.It was proposed to enhance the level of supervision for such animals through the implementation of inter-departmental cooperation,custom clearance and transportation,isolation quarantine,rearing and treatment,epidemic prevention and disinfection,information communication and emergency handling,etc.