湛江沿海海洋微藻及其多糖、脂类和蛋白藻株多样性研究

STUDIES ON THE DIVERSITY OF MARINE MICROALGAE AND THE STRAINS WITH HIGH POLYSACCHARIDES, LIPIDS AND PROTEINS ALONG ZHANJIANG COASTAL AREAS

从硇洲岛和徐闻珊瑚礁自然保护区潮间带采集的海水和沉积物样品中分离培养海洋微藻,筛选其中富含多糖、脂类或蛋白质的藻株。采用形态学观察、18S r DNA序列比较及其系统发育分析法,对分离培养的海洋微藻及其富含多糖、脂类或蛋白质的藻株进行分类鉴定和生物多样性分析。分离、培养、鉴定并储藏了189株海洋微藻,归属于65个种,分布于硅藻门(Bacillariophyta)、绿藻门(Chlorophyta)、定鞭藻门(Haptophyta)和红藻门(Rhodophyta)的9纲、25目、30个科、38个属;其中多糖含量较高的46株海洋微藻,分布于25个种,20个属;脂类含量较高的46株海洋微藻,分布于32个种,15个属;蛋白含量较高的46株海洋微藻,分布于28个种,18个属。结果表明硇洲岛和徐闻珊瑚礁自然保护区潮间带可培养的海洋微藻及其富含多糖、脂类和蛋白质藻株的物种多样性丰富,在新型药物、活性天然产物、功能食品和饲料及其添加剂的发掘等方面具有良好前景。

Marine microalgae were isolated from seawater and sediment samples collected from the intertidal zone ofNaoZhou Island and Xuwen Coral Reef Nature Reserve,and identification and diversity of their strains with high contentsof polysaccharides,lipids and proteins were analyzed by microalgal morphological observation,and sequencecomparison and phylogeny analysis based on microalgal18S rDNA sequences.A total of189strains of marine microalgaewere isolated,cultured and identified,which represent66species distributed in38genera,30families,25orders,9classes,and belong to Bacillariophyta,Chlorophyta,Haptophyta and Rhodophyta of microalgae.Amongst,46strains with higher polysaccharide content belong to25species,and20genera,and46strains with higher lipid contentrepresent32species belonging to15genera;and another46strains with higher protein content represent28speciesfrom18genera.It is concluded that the diversity of cultivable marine microalgae species and their strains with highcontent of polysaccharides,lipids and proteins is high from NaoZhou Island and Xuwen Coral Reef Nature Reserve,which possessed huge potential for exploring new drug or active natural products,functional food and fodder,and additivesfor food and fodder.