83例面部皮炎患者临床特征及致病因素调查

Preliminary survey of the clinical features and etiological factors of facial dermatitis

目的调查研究面部皮炎的临床特征、病因及可能加重因素。方法采用问卷调查的方法对83名面部皮炎患者进行调查。结果 83例面部皮炎患者中,接触性皮炎占51.81%,季节性面部皮炎和光感性皮炎分别占18.07%和1.20%,原因不明的面部皮炎占28.92%。患者职业(P>0.05)及文化程度(P>0.05)与病程的长短无相关性。面部皮炎对日常生活的影响程度与患者的皮损严重程度(P<0.05)及主观症状(P<0.05)呈正相关,与睡眠质量的评分(P<0.05)亦有一定的相关性,而与发病频率的高低(P>0.05)无相关性。最常见的病因(40.96%)是化妆品,其次是花粉柳絮(10.84%)、飘尘(6.02%)、紫外线(6.02%)、药物(3.61%)、化学试剂(1.20%),原因不明者占(31.33%)。加重面部皮炎的因素中最常见的亦是化妆品(73.49%),其次是紫外线(59.04%)、干燥环境(50.60%)、辛辣食物(44.58%)及飘尘(39.76%)等。结论面部皮炎以中青年女性多见,在一定程度上影响患者生活质量。面部皮炎最常见的病因及加重因素均是化妆品,其他各种物理、化学及生理因素亦可诱发面部皮炎。

Objective To investigate clinical feature,etiology and exacerbation factors in facial dermatitis.Methods Eightythree patients of facial dermatitis were investigated with a questionnaire.Result Among all patients,contact dermatitis accounted for51.81%,seasonal facial dermatitis and photosensitive dermatitis accounted for18.07%and1.20%respectively,and the cause was unknown in28.92%of patients.No correlation were found between occupation(P>0.05),degree of education(P>0.05)and the course of disease.However,there were positive correlation between the severity of lesion(P<0.05),subjective symptoms(P<0.05)and the average impact on daily life of facial dermatitis which also has certain correlation between the grade of sleep quality(P<0.05).No correlation was found between the frequency of disease and the average impact on daily life of facial dermatitis p>0.05).The most common cause of facial dermatitis was cosmetics(40.96%),then pollen catkin(10.84%),floating dust(6.02%),ultraviolet radiation(6.02%),drugs(3.61%),chemical reagent(1.20%),and the cause-unknown accounted for31.33%.The most common acute aggravated factor also was cosmetic(73.49%)and so on.Conclusion Facial dermatitis is common among middle-aged women,which affect the quality of life of patients to some extent.The most common etiology and exacerbation factors both are cosmetic,and all kinds of physical,chemical and physiological factors can induce facial dermatitis.