胡适重审《水经注》案新论

A New Discussion on the Retrial in Commentary on the Waterways Classic of Hu Shi

胡适重勘《水经注》公案在学界产生了较大的影响,探究其中的来龙去脉对认识当时的学术发展具有重要意义。从胡适前后矛盾的言行,"爱惜羽毛"的个人性格及其戴震研究来看,他涉足该案的动机不仅是要为戴震辩诬,也是为自己辩护。胡适提出要用"科学方法"考证此案,在实际的考证中则以"勤、谨、和、缓"治学四字诀贯穿其中。不过,他费尽心机的考证最终未能成功为戴震翻案,反而在学界引发不小的争议。无论如何,胡适重审《水经注》案不仅有功于郦学研究,其中表现出的严谨的治学态度也给后人带来启发。

The case of Commentary on the Waterways Classic was rethought by Hu Shi,which has made a great impact in academia,so exploring the context of the matter could make us understand the academic development at that time.From Hu Shi’s inconsistent words and deeds,cherishing the reputation of his individual character and his research of Dai Zhen,the reason why he tries to involve in the mystery is that he wants to not only defend Dai against false accusations but also defend himself.Hu Shi proposes using the“scientific method”to track the case down,while the four words are employed in practice,i.e.diligence,caution,gentleness and slowness.However,he fails to reverse the verdict of Dai Zhen,which causes some arguments in academia instead.Anyhow,the retrial of Commentary on the Waterways Classic by Hu Shi not only makes contributions to research on Li,but also inspires the later researchers because of his rigorous studying attitude during the research.