全面抗战时期的公共图书馆经费研究

A Brief View on the Public Library Funds and Expenditures of China during the Full Scale Anti-Japanese War Period

抗战时期图书馆经费研究是图书馆事业史研究中的新课题,开展此项研究有助于全面揭示图书馆事业发展历程。通过对全面抗战时期国民政府有关档案、史料的梳理、分析和归纳,揭示了全面抗战时期的公共图书馆经费特点:战时公共图书馆经费来源主要有财政拨款,自筹或募集资金,以及庚子赔款余额退还部分;战时的通货膨胀、物价飞涨构成公共图书馆经费安排的特殊社会背景,对公共图书馆经费安排影响很大;省、市立图书馆经费因特殊时局而受到优先发展民众教育馆的挤占;战时各大国立公共图书馆艰苦工作,各有特色,但经费紧缺是共同问题。

Researches on library expenditures during the Anti-Japanese War period are a new topic in library history studies,which help to comprehensively reveal the development of librarianship.This paper collects,analyzes and summarizes documents and materials related to the Nationalist Government during the full scale Anti-Japanese War period,and studies characteristics of public library funds at the time.Inflation and soaring prices during war times affected public library financial arrangement greatly;library funds were diverted to developing public educational centers;financial resources of public libraries included fiscal appropriation,self-financing and fundraising,various social assistance and returned portion of the Boxer Indemnity;national public libraries during the period struggled through hardships and overcame various difficulties,but were all faced with a shortage of funds;provincial and municipal public libraries shifted their emphasis before the war to encouraging the public to fight in the war through publicity.