中国母乳中低聚糖组分及含量变化——以中国广东江门地区为例

Change in Composition and Content of Oligosaccharides in Human Milk from Chinese Lactating Mothers

密集收取22位中国母亲共163个母乳样品,采用高效阴离子色谱法监测在不同泌乳期中22种母乳低聚糖(human milk oligosaccharides,HMOs)的组成和含量变化。结果表明,15种中性低聚糖含量在泌乳初期(初乳)达到最高值后逐渐减少(成熟乳),但是3-岩藻糖乳糖的含量在整个取样阶段均在持续增加。6种酸性低聚糖在泌乳初期稳定但后期随时间延长逐渐减少,其中唾液酸化-乳糖-N-四糖a只在部分样本中检出。基于Lewis血型类型,可将母亲分为分泌型组和非分泌型组。分泌型母亲的母乳中富含α-1-2-L-岩藻糖基化低聚糖(如2’-岩藻糖乳糖、乳酰-N-岩藻五糖Ⅰ、二岩藻糖基乳糖、乳酰-N-二岩藻六糖Ⅰ)。在分泌型与非分泌型母乳中,α-1-2-L-岩藻糖基化低聚糖的质量浓度范围分别为1 211~7 272 mg/L和100~920 mg/L;然而α-1-3/4-L-岩藻糖基化低聚糖(如乳酰-N-二岩藻六糖Ⅱ、乳糖-N-二岩藻糖基-八糖、3-岩藻糖乳糖、乳酰-N-岩藻五糖Ⅱ)的质量浓度范围则分别为181~2 722 mg/L和476~4 931 mg/L。总体表明,分泌型和非分泌型母亲在泌乳期内的HMOs的组成和含量均在不断变化且差异明显。

Twenty two human milk oligosaccharides(HMOs)in163milk samples collected from22Chinese mothers during different stages of lactation were measured by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography(HPAEC).Levels of15neutral HMOs were highest at the early stages of lactation(in colostrum)and decreased later(in mature milk),but3-fucosyllactose level continuously increased throughout the sampling period.Levels of six sialylated HMOs decreased during the course of lactation,and LSTa was detected only in some samples.Based on the Lewis blood types,the volunteers were divided into secretor mother group and non-secretor mother group.Milk samples from secretor mothers were rich inα-1-2-linked fucosylated oligosaccharides(such as2'-FL,LNFPⅠ,LDFT,and LNDFHⅠ).Specifically,the concentrations of theα-1-2-linked fucosylated oligosaccharides ranged from1211to7272mg/L in milk from secretor mothers and from100to920mg/L in milk from non-secretor mothers.In contrast,the contents ofα-1-3/4-linked fucosylated oligosaccharides(such as LNDFHⅡ,DFLNH,3-FL,and LNFPⅡ)was476-4931mg/L in milk from non-secretor mothers,compared to181-2722mg/L for milk from secretor mothers.Generally,this study showed that the composition and contents of HMOs in milk from secretor and non-secretor mothers varied continuously and were different significantly during the lactation period.