金融发展对中国各省份城乡收入差距的影响研究——基于静态和动态空间面板模型的分析

The Impact of Financial Development on Urban-Rural Income Inequality:Analysis Based on Static and Dynamic Spatial Panel Model

近年来,中国各省份城乡收入差距在进一步扩大,由此带来了较多的社会问题。为此,利用中国统计年鉴相关数据,构建了静态和动态空间面板模型,研究了金融发展等因素对城乡收入差距的影响。研究结果表明:(1)中国的金融发展对城乡收入差距影响存在倒U形曲线特征。(2)城镇化率、农业增加值占比、财政支出占比和对外贸易依存度等因素的提高均有利于缩小城乡收入差距。(3)中国各省份城乡收入差距存在空间相关和动态关联。因此在实现金融发展的同时,中国政府需要通过转移支付、精准扶贫等措施,为农村贫困居民脱贫提供较多的金融支持,逐步缩小城乡收入差距。另外各省份在缩小城乡差距时需要相互配合,相互支持。

In recent years,the income inequality between urban and rural areas in China has beenwidened further,which brings about more social problems.Therefore,this paper constructs a static anddynamic spatial panel model based on the data of China Statistical Yearbook,and studies the impact offinancial development on urban-rural income disparity.The results show that:China’s financialdevelopment on the impact of urban-rural income inequality exists inverted U-shaped curve.Urbanization rate,the proportion of agricultural value-added,fiscal expenditure ratio and dependenceon foreign trade and other factors are conducive to narrowing the urban-rural income inequality.Thereis spatial correlation and dynamic correlation between urban and rural income inequality in Chineseprovinces.Therefore,in the process of financial development,the Chinese government needs to providemore financial support to the rural poor through poverty alleviation and transfer payment,and graduallynarrow the urban-rural income inequality.In addition,the provinces to narrow the inequality betweenurban and rural areas need to complement each other and support each other.