小尺度资源环境承载力预警评价研究——以大鹏半岛为例

Early-warning for Environmental and Resource Carrying Capacity on Small Scale——A Case Study of Dapeng Peninsula, Guangdong

建立资源环境承载力监测预警机制,是生态文明制度创新的一项重要工作。已开展的资源环境承载力研究多针对大尺度区域,而针对小尺度区域开展的研究相对较少。该研究在小尺度水平,以大鹏半岛为例,分别从区级和街道级两个层次构建了资源环境承载力预警评价指标体系,定量评价了2014年大鹏半岛资源环境承载状况,对资源环境承载力整体-局部的分配问题进行了探讨。结果表明,大鹏半岛资源环境承载力总体上处于轻警状态,3个街道的综合资源环境承载状况较为一致。土地资源承载力、水资源承载力、生态资源承载力、海洋环境承载力、大气环境承载水平均较高,表现为无警或轻警水平;但地表水环境承载力和固废、交通等基础设施承载力是其短板,特别是地表水环境承载力,大鹏半岛的承载指数为0.36,处于重警水平。3个街道在单要素承载力方面存在空间差异。其中,葵涌街道的土地资源和水环境承载状况最好,大鹏街道的土地资源、水环境、基础设施承载状况最差,南澳街道的水资源承载状况最佳。研究成果可为该区域资源环境开发利用、可持续发展决策提供更精准的技术支撑,也可为其他地区的小尺度资源环境承载力监测预警体系研究提供参考借鉴。

It is an important work of promoting ecological progress innovation to establish monitoring and early-warningmechanisms for environmental and resource carrying capacity.The majority of previous studies focused on large-scale areas ratherthan small-scale areas.In this study,early-warning index systems for environmental and resource carrying capacity have been builtboth at district and sub-district level for Dapeng Peninsula of Shenzhen.The division of environmental and resource carryingcapacity from whole to part was discussed.The early-warning status of environmental and resource carrying capacity was assessed in2014.The results showed that the environmental and resource carrying capacity of Dapeng Peninsula in2014was at light-alert level.Land resource,water resource,ecological resource,marine environment and atmospheric environment carrying status were atno-alert or light-alert level,while surface water environment and infrastructure carrying capacity were weak spots,with waterenvironmental carrying status at serious warning level.There were no obvious regional differences at comprehensive early-warningstatus of environmental and resource carrying capacity among three sub-districts,while there were obvious regional differences atearly-warning status of single factor carrying capacity among three sub-districts.Land resource and water environmental carryingstatus of Kuichong sub-district were best among three sub-districts,while water resource carrying status of Nanao sub-district wasbest among three sub-districts.Land resource,water environmental and infrastructure carrying status of Dapeng sub-district wereworst among three sub-districts.This study will be beneficial for the decision-making of environment and resource utilization andregional sustainable development and provide a reference for the establishing of early-warning system of environmental and resourcecarrying capacity for other regions at small scale.