口述历史档案价值考察

The Value of Oral History Archives

对口述历史档案价值进行界定,认为口述历史档案价值由价值主体、价值客体和价值中介三要素构成,其价值特点有三个:预设性、个体性、融合性。口述历史档案与一般档案存在共性,但在生成方式和叙事角度方面不同。将口述历史档案的价值体系划分为基本价值和延伸价值,其中基本价值包含记忆价值、还原价值、补充价值,延伸价值包含叙事价值、情感价值、证据价值和启示价值。结合口述历史档案的特点,分析口述历史档案存在内容的主观性、缺少法律规范及团队综合素质不高等局限,提出口述互证、加强法律保障和提高团队的综合素质等价值局限规避方法,并探索性地总结出口述历史档案价值的实现规律:抢救律、扩充律和人本律。

The value of oral history archives is defined.The author argues that value subject,value object and value intermediary jointly constitute the values of oral history archives.Thethree features of the values of oral history archives are presupposition,individuality and fusion.Oral history archives and ordinary archives are similar,but different in formation mode andnarrative perspective.The value system of oral history archives is divided into basic valuesand extension values.Basic values include memory value,reduction value and supplementaryvalue while extension values include narrative value,emotional value,evidence value andrevelation value.In view of the characteristics of oral history archive,this article points out suchlimitations of oral history archives as subjectivity of the content,lack of legal norms and poorcomprehensive quality of the team.It puts forward several methods to overcome these limitations,including confirming mutually by oral accounts,strengthening the legal safeguard and improvingthe comprehensive quality of the team,and summarizes the laws of the value realization of oralhistory archives is explored,which are the laws of rescue,expansion and human-orientedness.