浙北52种景观树种对大气硫、氟污染物吸收富集能力研究

Study on the Enrichment Abilities of 52 Landscape Trees on Atmospheric Sulfur and Fluorine Pollutions in Northern Zhejiang

为探究浙北地区常见景观树种对大气硫、氟污染物的吸收净化能力,采用典型调查法对嘉兴市北部化工区(污染区)和中央公园(清洁区)共52种景观树种叶片的硫、氟含量进行测定,对其在污染环境中吸收富集硫、氟污染物的能力进行评价。结果表明,浙北地区52种景观树种叶片硫、氟含量差异较大,不同采样点和不同生活型之间的变异也较大。灌木树种叶片硫和氟含量略低于乔木,但高于小乔木;落叶树种叶片硫和氟含量均高于常绿树种。依据叶片对硫、氟的生物富集系数(BCF)和叶片的硫、氟含量,将这52种景观植物分为5大类,筛选出对硫、氟污染的综合修复能力较强的树种,如杨树(Pterocarya stenoptera)、柳树(Salix babylonica)、火棘(Pyracantha fortuneana)、广玉兰(Magnolia grandiflora)、红花继木(Loropetalum chinense)、榉树(Zelkova serrata)、桂花(Osmanthus fragrans)和红枫(Acer palmatum‘Atropurpureum’)等。这些可为浙北地区植物修复化工区硫、氟污染研究提供借鉴。

To evaluate the absorption and purgation capacity of52landscape trees to atmospheric sulfur(S)and fluorine(F)pollution in Northern Zhejiang,the leaf S and F contents of trees grown in chemical industry zone(pollution area)and Central Park(clean area)were determined,and their phytoremediation capabilities to pollution environment were evaluated.The results showed that there were significant differences in leaf S and F contents among52species,and variations between different sampling points and different life forms were also significant.The absorption efficiencies of shrub on S and F were both slightly lower than that of arbor,but higher than small arbor,meanwhile,the leaf S and F contents of deciduous species were higher than that of evergreen species.According to the leaf bioconcentration factors(BCF)and contents of S and F in species,these52landscape trees could be divided into five clusters,and several species with higher comprehensive absorption ability on S and F pollutions were screened out,such as Pterocarya stenoptera,Salix babylonica,Pyracantha fortuneana,Magnolia grandiflora,Loropetalum chinense,Zelkova serrata,Osmanthus fragrans and Acer palmatum‘Atropurpureum’,et al.These would provide references for the pollution control of S and F as well as phytoremediation in northern Zhejiang.