有机钙蛋白对土壤改良效果及其影响评价

Effects of Organic Calcium Protein on Soil Improvement and Its Evaluation

采用田间试验,研究了试验田土壤重金属含量、有机钙蛋白土壤改良剂施用对土壤及稻米重金属含量、水稻及其秸秆产量的影响,开展了地积累指数法和Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法评价。结果表明,土壤中的阳离子交换量在各处理中的差异不明显。重金属元素中全Cd、Cr含量在各处理中变化小,而Pb、有效Cd、Hg、As含量在各处理中差异性显著。土壤中Pb含量随着改良剂的增加呈先升后降的趋势,而有效镉含量随改良剂的增加,逐渐下降,二者具有显著的线性关系。各处理下稻米中的重金属Cr和Hg均未检测出,Pb和As含量远低于国家标准的限值,且不同处理间无显著性差异。随着改良剂的增加,稻米中Cd的含量逐渐减少,水稻及其秸秆产量明显增加。地累积指数法和Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法评价值均随改良剂施用量的增加而减小,改良剂施用量1 000 kg/667m2~较为适宜,降Cd效果、稻谷产量及经济性等综合效益最优。

The field experiment with organic calcium protein soil modifier was conducted to determine heavy metals in soil and the regulation effects on the soil,heavy metal in rice and yields of rice grain and straw in this study.The results showed that,among various treatments,there was no significant difference in the cation exchange capacity of the soil,the contents of total Cd and Cr had no significant difference,but the contents of Pb,Hg,As and effective Cd had an obvious difference.With the increase of modifier application,the content of Pb indicated the trend of an increase first and then a decrease later,but the content of effective Cd had decreased gradually,and the two had a significant linear relationship.In the various treatments,no Cr nor Hg was detected out in rice grain,and the contents of Pb and As checked out were far lower than the national standard limit value and were of no significant difference.With the increase of amendments,the content of Cd in rice decreased gradually,and the yield of rice and straw increased obviously.Both the geo-accumulative index and Hakanson potential ecological risk index used to evaluate the pollution index were decreased as the application amount of modifier increased.The ideal use rate of modifier was about15000kg/hm2,which was of the optimal comprehensive effect on cadmium reduction,yield of rice grain and economical efficiency.