河北省城市旅游效率评价和空间差异研究

Evaluation and Spatial Difference of Urban Tourism Efficiency in Hebei Province

旅游效率是衡量旅游业发展水平的代表性指标。运用数据包络分析法(DEA)来评价2009—2013年河北省各市的旅游效率,包括旅游总效率、技术效率和规模效率,并进一步分析其空间差异。结果发现河北省各地区间以及地区内部的旅游效率差异明显,地区间旅游总效率有效性依次为冀东、冀南、冀北、冀中,地区内部各市之间旅游效率的两极化倾向明显。借助Arc GIS软件工具将评价结果和空间差异进行可视化表达,运用四象限分类法将11个城市分为金牛型、明星型、问题型和草根型四类。最后,从要素投入和城市类型两个层面提出针对性建议,以期推动各市乃至整个河北省旅游业的高效发展。

Tourism efficiency is a typical indicator to measure the development of tourism industry.With the data envelopment analysis(DEA)method,the article evaluates the urban tourism efficiency in Hebei Province from2009to2013,including overall efficiency,technical efficiency and scale efficiency,and further analyzes the spatial difference.The results show that there exist obvious differences of tourism efficiency in different areas and within areas in Hebei Province,and the ranking of validity of tourism overall efficiency is successively eastern Hebei,southern Hebei,northern Hebei and central Hebei.There exists the polarization of tourism efficiency in different cities within the areas.The evaluation results and spatial differences are visualized by ArcGIS.Four quadrant classification method is used to classify the11cities into four categories:Taurus type,star type,problem type and grassroot type.Finally,from the two aspects of factor input andurban type,it puts forward some suggestions to promote the efficient development of tourism industry in cities and Hebei Province as a whole.