试论南京国民政府改订新约运动与收回航权关系

Discussion of the Relationship between Nanjing National Government's Treaty Re-negotiation Movement and the Recovery of Navigation Right

1928年,南京国民政府着手进行改订新约运动,宣布要废止旧约,重订新约。取消一切不平等条约特权成为运动的目标。但由于列强的阻挠,新约只实现了中国关税自主目标,包括航行权在内的其他不平等条约特权并未取消。抗战爆发前,收回航权的谈判根本没有进入实质性阶段。当然,这次改订新约运动与收回航权也有关系。在改订新约运动中,南京国民政府即开始酝酿收回航权,进行认真研究,制定了收回航权策略,并试图与列强进行交涉。改订新约运动在一定程度上推进了收回航权进程,对收回航权运动产生了积极影响。

In1928,Nanjing National Government embarked on Treaty Re-negotiation Movement,announcing the abolition of the Old Treaty and the renewal of the New Treaty.The abolition of all unequal treaty privileges became the target of this campaign.However,due to the obstruction of the great powers,the New Treaty only achieved success in tariff autonomy,with other unequal treaty privileges including navigationright not canceled.Before the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese war,the negotiation of recovering navigation rights did not enter the substantive stage.Of course,the Treaty Re-negotiation Movement is related to the recovery of the navigation right.In Treaty Re-negotiation Movement,Nanjing National Government began to brew the recovery of navigation right,developed a strategy for recovering the navigation rights through serious study,and tried to negotiate with the great powers.To a certain extent,Treaty Re-negotiation Movement promoted the process of the recovery of navigation right and had a positive effect on it.