润滑油特性对柴油机颗粒排放性能影响的试验研究

Experimental study on influence of physical properties of lubricating oils on particle emissions of diesel engine

用台架试验法研究润滑油特性对柴油机颗粒排放特性的影响。在一台云内动力雷默D19TCI增压中冷高速柴油机上,利用专门配制的6种不同润滑油,考察了润滑油的基础油特性、蒸发损失率以及润滑油温度和发动机负荷等运转参数对柴油机颗粒排放的影响。结果表明:润滑油的灰分含量越低,总体颗粒排放量越少;降低润滑油的蒸发损失率,能使粒径为300 nm以上润滑油级颗粒排放减少56%;与第Ⅱ类基础油CI4相比,加氢精制油能减少发动机8.7%~20.4%的颗粒排放数浓度,合成油PAO在高油温高负荷条件下具有最佳的颗粒减排性能;采用较低的润滑油温度有利于降低发动机低负荷工况下的润滑油级颗粒排放;发动机负荷增加,润滑油级颗粒排放大幅增加,但总体颗粒排放峰值降低57.9%。

The effect of lubricating oils on diesel particle emissions was investigated by the experiments in a production engine D19TCI produced by Kunming Yunnei Power mounted on a bench test dynamometer with six different lubricating oils.The effect of evaporation loss rate,lubricant temperature and engine load were analyzed.The results show that low ash lube causes an outstanding decrease on total particle emissions,oils with low rate of evaporation loss can cut down the lube-level particles(over300nm)emission by56%.Hydrofining oil reduces exhaust particle number concentration more significantly than base oilⅡCI4by8.7%-20.4%.Synthetic oil PAO has the best particle emission reduction performance at high load.Lube-level particle emissions decline with a lower lubricant temperature at low load,and lube-level particle emissions increase at heavy load while total particle emissions decrease by57.9%.