经济史视阈下伪满时期东北农作物种植结构变动的实证分析

An Empirical Analysis of the Change of Cultivating Structure in Northeastern China During the Period of Puppet Manchuguo from the Perspective of Economic History

伪满时期东北农作物种植结构是一项非常重要的经济指标,从中可以揭示日本殖民统治下的诸多特质。通过对现有史料的交叉对比,对这一经济指标予以重新核定。从核定结果看,当时的东北农村存在着两种对立的趋势:一是传统商品经济遭到破坏,农作物种植结构向自给化倒退;二是日本殖民者根据自身需要强行推广的新兴作物呈现畸形增长。这两种趋势既揭示了伪满政权农业政策对农业生产力的破坏远大于建设,也充分暴露出日本殖民者低于成本价掠夺东北农产品的暴虐性及其不顾客观实际、强行扩张其所需农作物的掠夺本质与荒诞性。

The cultivating structure of Northeastern China in the period of Puppet Manchukuo is a very important economic indicator,from which many characteristics under Japanese colonial rule can be discovered.Through the cross-comparison of the existing historical data,the author has rechecked the economic indicator.From the rechecked results,it is found out that there were two opposing trends in the countryside of Northeastern China at that time:firstly,the traditional commodity economy was destroyed,and the cultivating structure regressed to the self-sufficiency;secondly,some new crops spread forcibly by the Japanese colonists according to their own needs showed abnormal growth.The two trends reveal that the agricultural policies ofpuppet Manchukuo resulted in remarkable damage to its agricultural productivity,compared to its positive effects,and fully expose the tyranny as well as the plundering nature and absurdity of the Japanese colonists,who plundered agricultural products of Northeastern China below the cost,and forcibly spread crops they needed regardless of objective reality.