烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD)合成途径和水稻叶片早衰

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide(NAD) Biosynthesis Pathway and Leaf Senescence in Rice

叶片是植物进行光合作用的主要场所,其衰老由内源遗传发育信号和外界环境胁迫所启动,是一个非常复杂有序的调控过程。烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide,NAD)是脱氢酶的辅酶,在糖酵解、糖异生、三羧酸循环以及呼吸链等代谢中发挥着不可替代的作用。最新研究表明,水稻NAD生物合成参与调控沉默信息调控因子Sirtuins的生物活性、组蛋白H3K9去乙酰化、植物激素茉莉酸(JA)和叶片衰老。本文综述了有关水稻叶片衰老的细胞生理特征、Sirtuins酶活、NAD生物合成以及水稻早衰的OsSRT1-NAD调控途径和OsSRT1-Me OH-JA调控途径,以期阐明水稻叶片衰老的分子机理及其调控途径,为高产育种提供相应的理论参考。

Leaf is an important photosynthetic organ in rice,and its senescence is initiated by the endogenous genetic and developmental signals and the external environmental stress.Regulation of leaf senescence is a very complicated and delicate process in plants.NAD(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide),a coenzyme of dehydrogenase,plays an irreplaceable role in glycolysis,gluconeogenesis,Krebs cycle,respiratory chain and other metabolism.The latest researches showed that the NAD biosynthesis in rice is involved in the regulation of the enzyme activity of silencing gene Sirtuins,histone H3K9deacetylation,plant hormone jasmonic acid(JA)and leaf senescence.This paper highlights cell physiological characteristics,enzyme activity of Sirtuins,NAD biosynthesis of plant leaf senescence,and the OsSRT1-NAD and OsSRT1-MeOH-JA regulation pathways of leaf senescence in rice.It is beneficial to elucidation of the molecular mechanism and regulation pathways of leaf senescence,and application of high yield breeding in rice.