太极拳腾空飞脚向内转体180°接提膝独立动作腾空和落地阶段支撑腿肌肉表面肌电特征分析

Analysis on the Surface Electromyography Characteristic of the Supporting Leg Muscles of Vacating Half Twist Inward 180° Movement in Taijichuan

目的:文章对太极拳腾空飞脚向内转体180°接提膝独立动作腾空和落地阶段支撑腿肌肉进行肌电测试,分析在该阶段中相关肌肉的力量特点以及发力特征。方法:文章以沈阳体育学院武术与民族传统体育专业太极拳院队的学生(5名)作为测试对象。采用ME6000表面肌电仪测试系统对沈阳体育学院太极拳院队的学生在完成动作过程中支撑腿有关肌肉的表面肌电(s EMG)进行测验,经过数据分析可以得出相关肌肉的积分肌电值(i EMG)、肌电平均开始时间、平均持续时间、贡献率大小。研究结果:(1)腾空阶段中股直肌、股内侧肌、腓肠肌内侧头、股外侧肌以及股二头肌被同时激活放电;持续时间较长的有股直肌和腓肠肌内侧头,股直肌为0.52s,在腾空阶段总时间中占85.00%。腓肠肌内侧头为0.46s,占总时间的75.47%;积分肌电值较大的有股直肌278.40±45.94μVs、腓肠肌内侧头211.00±30.56μVs;贡献率分别为25.20%、21.30%。(2)落地阶段中支撑腿6块肌肉同时被激活;持续时间较长的有股外侧肌3.41s,在落地阶段总时间中占100%;股内侧肌时间为3.25s,占91.97%;胫骨前肌为3.12s,占93.25%;股直肌为2.87s,占82.09%。胫骨前肌的积分肌电值最大为1975.40±379.29μVs,贡献率为28.70%;其次是股外侧肌1250.10±152.74μVs,贡献率为20.40%;股内侧肌1182.10±257.83μVs,贡献率为18.70%;股直肌1044.50±214.34μVs,贡献率为16.10%。结论:在腾空阶段中,股直肌和腓肠肌内侧头为该阶段的主要用力肌。落地阶段中大腿前群肌肉(股内侧肌、股外侧肌、股直肌)以及胫骨前肌是完成该阶段的主要用力肌。

Objectives:This paper aims to analyze the myoelectric characteristic of the supporting leg muscles of vacating half twistinward180°and knee independent action in Taijiquan.Methods:In this paper,5Taijiquan students from Shenyang Sport Universityare chosen as the subjects of the research.Muscle Tester(ME6000)is used to test the surface electromyography(sEMG)of thesubjects’supporting leg muscle,during the process of operation.After analyzing the data,we hope to find out some characteristics ofrelated muscles,such as integrated electromyography(iEMG),the average starting time and the lasting time of electromyography,andthe size of the contribution rate.Results:(1)In the flight phase,rectus femoris,vastus medialis,medial gastrocnemius,vastus lateralis andbiceps femoris were simultaneously activated and discharged;rectus femoris and medial gastrocnemius had a longer duration,whereinrectus femoris had a time of0.52s,accounting for85.00%of the total time of the flight phase.Medial gastrocnemius had a duration of0.46s,accounting for75.47%of the total time,the muscles had larger integrated EMG value consisted of rectus femoris with278.40±45.94μVs,and medial gastrocnemius had211.00±30.56μVs;and the contribution rate were25.20%,and21.30%correspondingly.(2)In the floor stage,the six packs of muscles to support the leg were activated;vastus lateralis muscle had a longer duration of3.41s,accounting for100%in total time of landing phase.Vastus medialis time was3.25s,accounting for91.97%in the landing phase,andthe tibialis anterior muscle was3.12s,accounting for93.25%.Rectus femoris was2.87s,accounting for82.09%.Integrated EMG valueof tibialis anterior was the largest,1975.40±379.29μVs,with a contribution rate of28.70%;integrated EMG value of vastus lateraliswas1250.10±152.74μVs,with a contribution rate of20.40%;integrated EMG value of vastus medialis was1182.10±257.83μVs,with a contribution rate of18.70%;and integrated EMG value of rectus femoris was1044.50±214.34μVs,with the contributionrate of16.10%.Conclusions:In the flight phase,the rectus femoris and the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle were the mainhard muscle in this stage.It was obvious that in the landing phase,the front thigh muscle group(vastus medialis,vastus lateralis,rectusfemoris)and tibialis anterior were the major muscle force to complete this phase.