从仡佬“打篾鸡蛋”发展演变看民族传统体育发展态势

On the Developing Trend of National Traditional Sports from the Evolution of "Bamboo Egg" of Gelao

"打篾鸡蛋"是仡佬族民间独具风格的传统活动,具有浓厚的民族特色,融体育和娱乐为一体,集庆礼与竞技于一身,深得仡族人的喜爱。文章通过文献资料法、实地考查法、走访法等对具有"仡佬之源,银杏之乡,丹砂古县"之名的务川仡佬族自治县中盛行的"打篾鸡蛋"运动方式演变进行梳理,发现其具有以下特点:第一,宗教性向表演性转变;第二,组织的随意性向有序性转变;第三,规则的无序性向严明性转变;第四,民间场域向正式场域转变;第五,传承人老龄化向青少年转变。正是"打篾鸡蛋"文化的这些发展演变,它现在在民族地区收到了很好的传承效果,知晓这一项目的人越来越多。

The"Bamboo Egg"is a unique style Gelao’s folk traditional activity,with strong ethnic characteristics,combining sportsand entertainment together,combining collective celebrate and sports in one,won the Gelao people's favorite.This article,with themethods of literature,investigation,interview and so on,has"Bamboo Egg",the sport activity originated in Gelao Ginkgo villageand popular in the Wuchuan Gelao Autonomous County as the study object,and does deep analysis on the activity,and finds itscharacteristics:firstly,the activity changed from religion to performance;secondly,from random to organization;thirdly,the activityrules changing from disorder to the strict ones;fourthly,the field from folk field to the formal field;fifthly,the inheritors changing fronthe aging people to teenagers.From these changes of"Bamboo Egg"culture,the activity has good development in the minority areas,more and more people are aware of this sport development.