2011—2015年苏州地区儿童呼吸道感染病毒检出情况分析

Determination of respiratory tract virus among children in Suzhou from 2011 to 2015

目的对2011—2015年苏州地区儿童呼吸道感染病毒的检出情况进行分析。方法采用直接免疫荧光法检测2011—2015年苏州地区儿童呼吸道感染患儿腺病毒(ADV)、流感病毒A型(IVA)、流感病毒B型(IVB)、副流感病毒1型(PIV1)、副流感病毒2型(PIV2)、副流感病毒3型(PIV3)及呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)共7种呼吸道感染常见病毒的检出情况,分析阳性率及混合感染情况。结果在2 151例呼吸道感染的住院患儿中,7种呼吸道感染病毒阳性677例,总阳性率为31.47%。7种病毒阳性率分别为ADV 1.39%、IVA1.07%、IVB 1.16%、PIV1 0.51%、PIV2 0.33%、PIV3 3.63%、RSV 26.96%。不同季节间呼吸道感染病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=81.52,P<0.001),主要感染季节是冬季,主要感染病毒是RSV,在冬季RSV的阳性率为38.64%。不同年龄组间呼吸道感染病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=18.30,P<0.001),主要感染的年龄组为婴儿组(28 d~<1岁),其主要感染病毒为RSV,阳性率为27.72%。两两混合感染多为RSV+IVB(21例,16.94%)、RSV+ADV(18例,14.52%),和其他病毒混合感染比例最高的是RSV(58.06%),混合感染较容易发生在冬季,婴儿组多发。结论 RSV是苏州地区最主要的儿童急性呼吸道感染病毒,冬季是其高发季节,且婴儿易感,在混合感染病例中,RSV也是最主要的病毒。

Objective To analyze the results of respiratory tract virus determination among children in Suzhoufrom2011to2015.Methods Direct immunofluorescent method was used to determine7common respiratory tractviruses,including adenovirus(ADV),influenza virus A(IVA),influenza virus B(IVB),parainfluenzavirus1(PIV1),parainfluenza virus2(PIV2),parainfluenza virus3(PIV3)and respiratory syncytial virus(RSV).The positive rates and mixed viral infection rates were evaluated.Results A total of2151children withrespiratory tract infection were enrolled,and the overall positive rate for the7common respiratory tract viruses was31.47%(677/2151).The positive rates were1.39%for ADV,1.07%for IVA,1.16%for IVB,0.51%for PIV1,0.33%for PIV2,3.63%for PIV3and26.96%for RSV.There was statistical significance for the positive rates withdifferent seasons(χ2=81.52,P<0.001).The infection tended to occur in winter.RSV was the most common virus,and its positive rate was38.64%in winter.There was statistical significance for the positive rates with different ages(χ2=18.30,P<0.001).Infants of28d-<1year old were more likely to be infected with the viruses,particularlyRSV(27.72%).The high proportions of mixed viral infection were16.94%(21cases)for RSV+IVB and14.52%(18cases)for RSV+ADV.RSV had the highest proportion of mixed viral infection with the other viruses(58.06%).Mixed viral infection tended to occur in winter and among infants.Conclusions RSV is a main acute respiratory tractvirus among children in Suzhou,especially among infants and in winter.For mixed viral infection,RSV is the mostcommon virus.