基于北斗通信系统气象水文漂流浮标设计与实现

Design and realization of Beidou communication system based drifting buoy for meteorology and hydrology observation

目前海洋监测大都采用锚碇浮标和Argos卫星通信技术,针对其监测范围有限、通信时限受卫星过顶时间限制、供电系统续航能力差、数据的安全得不到保证等问题,在参考已有的漂流浮标系统的基础上,设计一种新的小型化系统结构,在其经过的路径完成对相关海域的气象水文数据实时、连续、长期、准确地采集。为了最大限度地提高浮标运行时长,采用超低功耗微处理器、配置太阳能充电模块及为所有部件设置独立电源控制。浮标通信主要采用我国自主研发的北斗通信系统,不仅覆盖范围广,而且数据安全性能得到保证。实验测试结果表明该浮标数据采集及通信系统性能优良,对于深远海洋气象水文观测意义重大。

The moored buoy and Argos satellite communication technology are mostly used in the marine monitoring,whichhave the problems of poor cruising ability of power supply system and limited monitoring range,can′t guarantee the data security,and their communication time is limited by the satellite covering time.By referring to the existing drifting buoy system,anew miniaturized system structure was designed to realize the real-time,continuous,long-term and accurate acquisition of meteorological and hydrological data in relevant sea areas for the passing path.In order to prolong the operation time of buoy to themaximum extent,the ultra-low power consumption microprocessor is adopted,the solar charging module is configured,and theindependent power control is set for all components.The Beidou communication system developed by China independently isused in buoy communication,which has wide coverage area and can guarantee the data security.The experimental test resultsshow that the buoy data acquisition and communication system has excellent performance,and has great significance for the meteorology and hydrology observation of deep ocean.