发泡剂和催化体系对软质聚氨酯泡沫结构和性能的影响

Effects of foaming agent and catalytic system on structure and properties of soft PUF

研究了发泡剂和催化体系对软质聚氨酯泡沫(PUF)形态结构和性能的影响,并对PUF进行了表观密度、泡孔结构分析和拉伸性能的测试。结果表明:随着发泡剂用量的增大,泡沫结构呈现由柔软易碎到结构良好再到开裂的变化过程,PUF的表观密度逐渐降低,数均泡孔直径逐渐变大;当水用量为3.0 phr时,PUF的形态结构和力学性能均较好,压缩永久形变最小,为4.3%,拉伸强度达39.4 k Pa;当二月桂酸二丁基锡用量为1.0 phr、胺催化剂用量为0.5 phr时,凝胶反应和发泡反应达到较好的"平衡"状态,制备的PUF力学性能较为优良,压缩永久变形为4.3%,拉伸强度为41.2 k Pa。

The effects of foaming agent and catalytic system on the morphology and properties of polyurethane foam(PUF)were observed,and the apparent density,structure and tensile properties of the foam were tested as well.The results show that the structure of PUF changes from soft and fragile to integrated then to crack with the increase of the amount of foaming agent,the apparent density of PUF decreases gradually and the number average bubble diameter grows gradually.The morphology and mechanical properties of PUF are excellent when the amount of the water is3.0phr,its compressive strength is the smallest of4.3%and the tensile strength reaches39.4kPa.The gel reaction and foaming reaction arrive“equilibrium”state when the amount of dibutyltin dilaurate is1.0phr and amine catalyst is0.5phr.The mechanical properties of PUF prepared are excellent,its compressibility reaches4.3%,and the tensile strength reaches41.2kPa.