坡地退耕种植藤椒对土壤水源涵养功能的影响

Effect of Conversion Slope Farmland to Zanthoxylum armatum Plantation on Soil Water Conversation Function

【目的】明确坡地退耕成藤椒林后土壤的水源涵养功能,为进一步种植和发展藤椒提供参考。【方法】以川东丘陵区坡耕地退耕后种植形成的3 a(TJ-3)和5 a(TJ-5)藤椒林及对照农耕地(CK)为对象,采集0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层土壤样品,测定土壤有机质、容重、孔隙度、持水量、贮水与排水能力和渗透性,并运用隶属函数法和主成分分析法对土壤水源涵养功能进行综合评价。【结果】藤椒林土壤有机质含量、孔隙度、持水量、贮水量、排水能力、渗透速率和渗透系数均高于农耕地,且随藤椒种植年限的增加而增加;土壤容重则相反,藤椒林低于农耕地,且随藤椒种植年限的增加而降低。基于隶属函数法和主成分分析法的水源涵养综合值大小顺序为TJ-5>TJ-3>CK,藤椒林地均显著高于农耕地;土壤水源涵养综合值与有机质、孔隙度、持水性和渗透性显著相关(p<0.05)。【结论】种植藤椒对提高坡地土壤水源涵养功能具有重要作用。

【Objective】The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of conversion slope farmlandto Z.armatum plantation on soil water conservation function and to provide a reference forfurther culti原vation and development of Z.armatum.【Method】The experiment included three treatments:淤slopefarmland(CK);于three-year-old Z.armatum plantation(TJ-3);盂five-year-old Z.armatum plantation(TJ-5).Soil samples of0~20cm and20~40cm layers in the hilly area of eastern Sichuan were collect原ed for soil organic matter,bulk density,porosity,water-holding capacity,water storage,drainage ca原pacity and soil permeability determination.Methods of membership function and principal componentanalysis were used for the comprehensive evaluation of soil water conservation function.【Results】Soilorganic matter content,porosity,water-holding capacity,water storage,drainage capacity,infiltrationrate and infiltration coefficient(K10)of Z.armatum plantations were higher than those of CK and thevalues of these indexes often increased with plantation age.Soil bulk density of Z.armatum was lowerthan that of CK and it decreased with plantation age.The comprehensive values(including membershipfunction method and principal component analysis method)of water conservation(CVWC)were rankedas TJ-5>TJ-3>CK,and the difference was significant between plantations and CK.The CVWC was significantly correlated to soil organic matter,porosity,water-holding capacity and soil permeability(p约0.05).