“双轨政治”的理论贡献、诠释限度及现代内涵

eoretic Contribution, Interpretation Limit, and Modern Connotation of Double-track Politics

双轨政治是费孝通在解读基层行政体制僵化时提出的重要概念,既有县政与村治上下分层的治理领域划分意涵,也有政务传递与压力反馈上下通达的信息沟通意涵。双轨政治这一概念的理论贡献在于对中华帝制时代的国家与社会关系给予了深刻解读,蕴含着对中国传统文化治理价值的理解和对理想社会政治模式的思考。费先生高度重视地方自治单位的重要性,却没能对家族与族权性质进行深入分析,难以诠释国家政权建设与地方自治单位的辩证统一关系。随着国家政权建设的持续推进和现代性的不断浸润,地方自治单位的性质发生根本变化,村庄民主自治模式不断完善,社区社会组织蓬勃发展,国家与社会的关系加速重构,促使双轨政治在农村社会治理现代化的实践中显示出积极的现代治理价值。

Double-track Politics is an important concept in FeiXiao-tong’s interpretation of the rigid system ofgrass-root administration.This concept not only covers the implication of governance dicision about county andvillage,but also includs goverment information transmission and pressure feedback.This paper attempts to clarifythe understanding dimension of double-track politics in FeiXiao-tong’s sociology thought system.This conceptcontributes to a profound interpretation of the relationship between the state and society in imperial era.It containsthe understanding of the governance value of Chinese traditional culture and the thinking of a ideal social andpolitical model.Mr.Fei attached great importance to the local self-government units,but he did not make a deapanalysis of clan and family nature,which made it difficult to explain dialectical unity relationship between theconstruction of the state power and the local self-government units.With the continuous advancement of the statepower construction and the modernity infiltration,the nature of local self-government has changed radically,the mode of village democratic autonomy has been constantly improved,social organizations has been growingvigorously,and the relationship between state and society has been reconstructed.These make it possible for doubletrackpolitics to present positive modern governance value in the practice of rural social governance modernization.