社会工作本土化以及“实用主义”策略刍议——从福柯的知识权力论谈起

A re ection on Pragmatic Approach and Indigenization of social work:Foucault's theory of power-knowledge

二战之后,社会科学的本土化浪潮促使社会工作开始产生对"本土化"的讨论。从福柯的知识权力论来看,主流社会工作知识生产复制东西方知识生产的权力位阶关系,反映了知识论述的单一化、地方性的知识价值被贬抑。因此,本土化要求知识生产从原有的窠臼中解放出来,并且作为一种在地响应,本土化的价值应该获得肯定。而对于当前中国本土化的发展趋势和出现的问题,实用主义策略在一定程度上能够解释,实用主义策略秉承后结构主义的去中心化,使得我们看到社会工作发展的灵活性和多样性。但除此之外,更应该探究实用主义背后的权力关系和论述效果,如果在实用主义逻辑下,依然追求西方先进技术,反而会导致本土知识的失落和无法累积。

After World War II,the discussion of indigenization of social sciences led social work to pay attentionto concept and practice of indigenization.From the view of Foucault’s theory of power-knowledge,the knowledgeproduction of social work replicates power relations of knowledge production in the East and the West,which refl ectsthe singularity of local knowledge.Thus,indigenization of social work as a response to local knowledge production,the value of indigenizationshould be affi rmed.A pragmatic approach can be explained the indigenization of social workin China.Pragmatic approach adhere to the post-structuralism,so we can see the fl exibility and diversity of social work.But when we apply pragmatic approach,we should explore the power relations behind it and discuss the effect.If thelogic of pragmatic approach still pursues western advanced technology,the result will be the loss of local knowledge.