烟蚜茧蜂的交配行为研究

Mating behavior of Aphidius gifuensis

【目的】明确烟蚜茧蜂的交配行为,探讨雌蜂传递的线索对引发雄蜂交配行为的作用,为烟蚜茧蜂的规模化繁殖和应用提供理论基础。【方法】在室内显微镜下和温室繁蜂棚内直接观察烟蚜茧蜂的交配行为,设死亡处女雌蜂(n=19)、碾碎的雌蜂腹部(n=15)、接触过处女雌蜂的滤纸(n=15)、仅提供雌蜂视觉线索(n=20)和空白对照(n=20)5个不同的试验处理,观察雌蜂传递的嗅觉和视觉线索对引发雄蜂求偶行为的作用。【结果】雄蜂交配行为包括接近、求偶、爬背、敲打触角、交配试探、插入、交配、分离,处女雌蜂交配行为包括逃跑和拒绝交配或接受交配、交配、休息。雄蜂与处女雌蜂的交配过程可划分为搜寻和求偶、交配前期、交配和交配后期4个阶段,且试图交配的雄蜂求偶成功后一般能够与处女雌蜂完成整个交配过程。雄蜂会试图与交配过的雌蜂、死亡的雌蜂发生交配行为,但仅出现交配前期。接触过活体处女雌蜂的滤纸和压碎的雌蜂腹部能够引发雄蜂强烈的振翅反应,而密闭在透明容器中的处女雌蜂不能引发雄蜂的振翅反应。【结论】烟蚜茧蜂的交配行为由一系列固定行为组成,雌蜂传递的嗅觉线索是引发雄蜂求偶行为发生的关键因素,雌蜂腹部是短程雌性性信息素产生的来源。

【Objective】In the present study,the mating behavior of Aphidius gifuensis was studied and the role of female-borne cues in eliciting the courtship responses of males was explored,in order to provide the theoretical basis for the mass rearing and application of A.gifuensis.【Method】The mating behavior of A.gifuensis was observed by using a microscope in laboratory and mass rearing greenhouse.The role of visual and olfactory female-borne cues in evoking male courtship behavior was observed in five different experimental treatments which included dead virgin female(n=19),crushed female abdomen(n=15),filter paper exposed to virgin female(n=15),only visual female cues(n=20)and control(n=20).【Result】Mating behavior of male A.gifuensis included approaching,courtship,mounting,antennal touch,mating test,inserting,mating and separating.Mating behavior of female virgin A.gifuensis included running and refusing courtship,or accepting mating,mating and resting.The mating process between A.gifuensis male and female could be divided into four stages,namely searching and courtship,pre-mating,mating and post-mating.After a successful courtship of male,generally,male could complete the entire mating process with virgin females.Males would try to mate with mated females and virgin females that have died,but only happend at pre-mating stage.Intense male wing fanning behavior was elicited by filter paper that had previously been in contact with live virgin female wasps and crushed abdomens of virgin females,while males did not respond to the visual stimuli of females that were sealed in transparent containers.【Conclusion】The mating behavior of A.gifuensis is composed of a stereotyped series of behavior.Olfactory female-borne cues play a key role in eliciting the courtship responses of males,and female abdomen is the source of a short-distance pheromone crucial in evoking male courtship.