1970年以来美国地质调查局科研工作的发展与演化——基于论文计量分析

The development and evolution of United States Geological Survey's scientific research from 1970——Evidence from bibliometrics

拥有130多年历史的美国地质调查局经久不衰,关键在于其时常将满足不断变化的国家与社会需求作为生存与发展之本。对GeoRef数据库收录的自1970年以来的科研论文的定量分析发现,美国地质调查局的科学研究在1990年左右发生了重大转折:论文产出数量摆脱长期低迷状态,开始大幅增长;形成完整学科体系,学科综合度保持稳定;科研工作从以资源研究为主的供给型地质学转向以环境研究为主的需求型地质学;基于学科持续度指标识别出9个重点学科,它们在1990年之后进入相对稳定的发展态势,未来水文地质学和环境地质学或许仍是重点所在。基于关键词的研究热点分析,结合重点学科的发展演化,可以发现其研究重心发生明显转移。

The United States Geological Survey has a history of more than130years,BS the key to its enduring development is to make the changing needs of the country and society serve as the basis of survival.Quantified analysis of its research papers in GeoRef database since1970shows that United States Geological Survey’s scientific research experienced a major turning point in1990.At the beginning of the1990s,the number of papers began to increase significantly instead of being stagnant,and since then,a complete system of discipline has been formed and the integrity of disciplines has kept stable all the time;the research work has shifted from the resource-based supply type to environment-based demand type;in addition,nine key disciplines which were identified based on the degree of discipline continuity have started a relatively stable development trend since1990;hydrogeology and environmental geology perhaps is still the focus in future;the clear shift of research focus can be found through keyword-based hotspot analysis and the development of key disciplines.