春、秋季东海大桥海上风电场水域鱼类群落结构

Fish community structure in the offshore wind farm of the East China Sea Bridge in spring and autumn

为探明工程建设后东海大桥风电场水域鱼类群落结构特征,作者利用等级聚类和多元统计等方法对该水域鱼类种类组成、优势种及群落结构进行分析。春、秋季共发现18种鱼类,隶属6目9科15属;鲈形目鱼类所占比例最高(50%),其中又以虾虎鱼科鱼类最高(44.4%)。春季优势种为短吻红舌鳎(Cynoglossus joyneri)、棘头梅童鱼(Collichthys lucidus)、矛尾虾虎鱼(Chaeturichthys stigmatias)和孔虾虎鱼(Trypauchen vagina),秋季优势种为棘头梅童鱼、龙头鱼(Harpadon nehereus)和凤鲚(Coilia mystus);棘头梅童鱼为春、秋季共同优势种。等级聚类和非度量多维标序排序表明,东海大桥风电场水域鱼类群落可分为春季和秋季2个组群,相似性检验(ANOSIM)显示2个组群差异极显著(R=0.851,P<0.01)。生物与环境相关分析(BIOENV)表明温度和盐度是影响东海大桥风电场水域鱼类群落结构的最主要环境因子,两者结合因子与鱼类群落的相关系数为0.791。本研究发现,东海大桥风电场水域是棘头梅童鱼、凤鲚、龙头鱼等多种鱼类的育幼和索饵场所,群落结构具有典型的季节特征。

To determine the composition of the fish community at the offshore wind farm located at the East ChinaSea Bridge,a cluster analysis and multivariate statistics are applied to analyze species composition,dominant species,and fish communities.Results identify18species belonging to6orders,9families,and15genera.Peciformesare the largest percentage order(50%)and Gobiidae the largest percentage family(44.4%)within this order.Dominantspecies in spring are Cynoglossus joyneri,Collichthys lucidus,Chaeturichthys stigmatias,and Trypauchenvagina,and dominant species in autumn are C.lucidus,Harpadon nehereus,and Coilia mystus;C.lucidus is thedominant species with respect to its representation in both season.Cluster and non-metric multidimensional scalingindicate that the fish community at this offshore wind farm can be clustered into two groups,spring and autumnassemblages,and ANOSIM analysis indicates significant differences in the community structure between these twogroups(R=0.851,P<0.01).The relationship between fish community pattern and water temperature and salinity isdetermined as dominant using the BIOENV program,with a correlation coefficient of0.791.Results show that fishsuch as C.lucidus,C.mystus,and H.nehereus migrate annually to the wind farm for spawning and feeding.Thereis an obvious difference in the community structure during different seasons,which is mainly related to the differentbreeding and feeding grounds of typical assemblage species during spring and autumn.