考虑可靠性的物流服务供应链期权契约模型

Option Contract Model of Logistics Service Supply Chain Considering Reliability

可靠性程度作为物流供应商努力的结果,是一种潜在的对物流服务供应链协调具有重要影响的因素。鉴于此,为降低供应链风险,解决物流服务供应链协调与优化问题,可把可靠性作为一种风险,把期权作为一种能够有效控制风险的工具,利用委托—代理理论建立可靠性与成本之间关系,使供应商可靠性与供应链期权契约相结合,构建一种考虑可靠性的物流服务供应链期权契约模型。对于单个物流服务集成商和单个物流服务供应商所组成的二级物流服务供应链协调问题,利用该模型分析可靠性与期权契约对物流服务供应链协调的影响可以证明,考虑可靠性的期权契约可使服务供应链实现完美协调,可提高物流服务供应链与集成商以及供应商的期望利润,且供应商可靠性水平与期权价格正相关,与期初物流订购量负相关。此外,对于期权契约下物流服务供应链产生的额外利润,其额外利润分配系数与可靠性水平正相关。

Reliability degree,the result of logistic providers’effort,will potentially have significant influence on the coordination of logistic service supply chain.Because of this,to reduce supply chain risk and solve the problem of the coordination and optimization of logistic service supply chain,we should establish the relation between reliability and cost based on the theory of principle-agent to combine suppliers’reliability and supply chain option contract and establish the option contract model of logistics service supply chain considering reliability by taking reliability as a kind of risk and option as a kind of effective risk control tool.For the coordination problem of the secondary logistic service supply chain,we should take advantage this model to analyze the impact of reliability and option contract on the coordination of logistics service providers.It is found that:option contract considering reliability can make the supply chain to realize perfect coordination and increase the expected profit;the level of suppliers’reliability is positively correlated with option premium,and negatively correlated with order quantity of the logistics capacity at the beginning of the period.In addition,for the additional profit generated by the logistics service supply chain under the option contract,the additional profit distribution coefficient is positively correlated with the reliability level.