跨方言比较视角下汉语量词显赫功能及动因

The mighty function and motivation of Chinese classifier in the perspective of cross-dialect comparison

汉语量词是显赫范畴:语义层面,它是集计数单位、分类、色彩和指称功能于一身的包容体;句法层面,它在特定条件下几乎能够独立充当所有的句法成分。各方言显赫层次为"粤语、吴语、闽语>湘语、客家话、官话、赣语>徽语、平话、晋语"。量词显赫性是民族语言接触和语言自身发展共同作用的结果,汉民族辩证、整体而模糊的认知心理是其功能显赫的内驱力。

Chinese classifier is a mighty category.At the semantic level,it is a unit with such functions as measuring,classifying,coloring,and referring.At the level of syntax,it can almost serve as all syntactic components independentin certain conditions,even independent sentences.At the mighty level,dialect classifier chains are"Yue dialects,Wu dialect,Min dialect>Xiang dialect,Hakka dialect,Northern dialect,Gan dialect>Hui dialect,Pinghua dialect,JinDialect."The mighty function of Chinese classifiers results from the combined action of exposure of national languageand development of the language itself,with the cultural dialectical characteristics of Chinese nation,overall and vaguecognition as its internal drive.