美国推进“先进产业”发展的做法及启示

The Practice and Enlightenment of Promoting Advanced Industries in the United States

先进产业位于产业价值链高端,具有技术先进、知识密集、附加值高、成长性好、带动性强等特征。从国外发展实践来看,大力发展先进产业是区域竞争力提升和经济实现可持续发展的必要要求。本文对美国布鲁斯金学会大都市政策研究中心围绕先进产业开展的系列研究成果进行了综述,梳理了先进产业的概念及对其美国经济的重要意义,着重从加大创新力度、改革职业教育与培训体系、完善产业生态体系等方面阐述了美国发展先进产业的路径,最后从发展先进产业、完善创新体系、凝聚各方资源、加强智库建设等方面提出对我国产业发展的启示。

Because the advanced industries is with high technology,high added-value,good growth and strong competitive ability,it is at the high-end in the manufacturing industry value chain,it has an important leading role.According to practice of Industry development of foreign industrial powers,developing advanced industries vigorously is an inevitable requirement of promoting regional competitiveness and achieving sustainable economic growth.This study makes a critical review of the advanced industries series by Metropolitan Policy Research Center,Brookings Institution.We combed the concept of advanced industries and its significance to the U.S.economy,then expounded the three paths of developing advanced industries in America:strengthening technological innovation,reforming vocational education and training system,constructing the regional eco-industrial system.Finally,the article put forward implications for industrial development in China,including developing advanced industries,improving the system of blazing new trails,gathering and integrating various social resources,and enhancing the construction of new types of think tanks.