某高校医院中青年住院患者的疾病谱分析

Analysis of disease spectrum of young and middle-aged inpatients in a college hospital

目的分析南京理工大学医院2014~2016年50岁以下内科住院患者病例,对住院患者的年龄分布、疾病分布、疾病谱特征、时间变化趋势进行分析。方法收集本院2014~2016年50岁以下356例内科住院患者,将所有患者按年龄分为4段:0~19岁,20~29岁,30~39岁,40~49岁;将所有住院患者按出院时间分为3段:2014年122例,2015年100例,2016年134例。统计近3年中青年患者住院人次、年龄、性别、疾病构成及发病时间。结果 2014~2016年,男、女患者住院比例均在20~29岁最高;女性在30~39岁住院比例最低,随着年龄的增长,女性患者住院比例增加,40~49岁时女性住院比例≥男性。住院病因顺位前三位为呼吸系统、传染病和消化系统;呼吸道感染、水痘、消化道炎症、自发性气胸是中青年患者因病住院主要疾病,均有明显的季节性分布。结论中青年患者的疾病分布特征明显,有针对性地做好中青年人群的健康教育及预防保健工作,是基层医务工作者的当务之急。

Objective To analyse the inpatients under the age of50in the Hospital Of Nanjing University of Science and Technology during2014to2016.The distribution of age,disease distribution,disease spectrum and time trend were analyzed.Methods Collected356cases of Internal medicine inpatients under the age of50during2014to2016,all patients were divided into4groups according to the age:0-19,20-29,30-39,40-49;all patients were divided into3groups according to the discharge time:122cases in2014,100cases in2015,134cases in2016.To count the number,age,gender,disease constitution and onset time of young and middle-aged inpatients in the past three years.Results During2014to2016,the hospitalization proportion in both male and female were the highest in20-29.The hospitalization proportion in female was the lowest in30-39.With the growth of age,the hospitalization proportion in female was increasing.The hospitalization proportion in female was higer than that in male in40-49.The three leading causes of hospitalization were respiratory system,infectious disease and digestive system.Respiratory tract infections,chicken pox,digestive tract inflammation and spontaneous pneumothorax are the main disease in young and middle-aged inpatients,which all have obvious seasonal distribution.Conclusion The distribution of disease in young and middle-aged inpatients is very obvious.It is an urgent task for the grassroots workers to do a good job for health education and preventive health care.