泰山乡村民居庭院空间研究

Study on the Rural Courtyard Space Landscape in Mount Tai

我国新农村建设正在进行中,乡村民居受城市化的影响,传统民居庭院空间形式文化遭丢失遗弃。乡村民居庭院既满足了防卫、生产的需要,又给家庭活动提供空间,因而具有多功能性和公共性。泰山民居庭院由建筑、院墙、宅门、植物等要素围合而成。在矩形宅基的基础上演化出四合院、三合院、"L"型等院落形制。这些院落具有内向性、自然性、渗透性。泰山乡村民居体现出中和、平易的地域性格,反映了庭院空间的"家"庭观、生态观、和谐观。

In the process of China's new countryside,the rural housing is influenced by urbanization which abandoned theform and culture of traditional courtyard in some degree.Rural residential courtyard not only meets with the requirements ofdefense and production,but also extends family activity space.Therefore,rural residential courtyard possessesmultifunctional property and public nature.Taishan residential courtyard is usually composed by building,courtyard wall,house door,plants and so on.On the basis of courtyard forms,it can be classified into quadrangle courtyard,three-sectioncourtyard and L-shaped courtyard.These courtyards have the characteristics of introversion,naturalness and permeability.The rural housing of Mount Tai embodies the neutral and plain geographical character,reflecting the view on family,ecologyand harmony of the courtyard space.