寒冷地区半围合式庭院空间风环境研究

Wind Bivironment of the Half-surrounded Courtyard Space in Cold Area

半围合式建筑庭院作为建筑室内与室外的缓冲空间,在寒冷地区可以创建较为温和的微气候,维持建筑热环境的相对稳定,同时为人们提供开放自然舒适的室外交流与活动空间。以地处寒冷地区的典型半围合式庭院建筑为例,通过实地测量和数值模拟分析,研究基于室外气候要素的半围合式庭院空间风环境适宜性空间尺度,采用风速、空气龄等风环境评价指标来模拟评价庭院不同空间尺度与比例条件下的舒适度与建筑性能。研究成果可为寒冷地区建筑半围合式庭院空间设计提供空间价值尺度参考,探讨通过可持续性设计的方法对半围合式庭院空间进行优化设计来提高室外空间的舒适性。

As the buffer space between indoor and outdoor space of cold area buildings,the courtyard among half-surrounded buildings plays an important role to create a moderate micro climate,construct a relative stable thermal environment and provide people with a natural and comfortable space for opening outdoor communication and relaxation activities.A typical building with half-surrounded courtyard located in cold area is taken as an example,where field measurements and numerical simulation analysis are done to research the suitable spatial scale of the courtyard based on the outdoor climate factors.Wind speed and air age are involved in the tests and simulations to evaluate the thermal comfort and building performance under different spatial scale and length-width-height rate value.The results can provide references for the sustainable design o f half-surrounded courtyard buildings to enhance the thermal comfort and performance o f outdoor space in cold area.