壳聚糖支架材料在组织工程中的应用与未来

Application of chitosan scaffolds in tissue engineering

背景:壳聚糖作为功能性高分子材料已被广泛应用于生物医药领域,是具有传感功能、反馈功能和响应功能的智能材料。目的:综述近年壳聚糖支架材料在组织工程不同领域内的应用,并着重介绍壳聚糖作为支架材料所具备的优势和劣势。方法:以"组织工程,支架材料,壳聚糖;tissue engineering,scaffold,chitosan"为关键词,检索CNKI、PubMed数据库2000至2016年的文献,将所有文章进行初步筛选后,对保留的文章进一步详细分析、归纳并总结。结果与结论:壳聚糖支架生物相容性好,能在体内降解,同时能携载许多不同的生长因子,目前已在神经组织工程、眼角膜组织工程、牙周组织工程、软骨组织工程、骨组织工程、皮肤组织工程、心肌组织工程等方面有了广泛应用。但随着科技的进步,组织工程支架有利于组织修复的机制仍然存在许多争议。将壳聚糖与其他材料复合可形成仿生程度越来越高的人工细胞外基质,拓宽了壳聚糖的应用范围。

BACKGROUND:Chitosan as a functional polymer material has been widely used in the field of biomedicine,and it is an intelligent material with sensor function,feedback function and response function.OBJECTIVE:To discuss the recent application of chitosan scaffolds in different fields of tissue engineering,and to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of chitosan as a scaffold material.METHODS:The key words of"tissue engineering,scaffold,chitosan"in Chinese and English were used to search CNKI and PubMed databases for relevant articles published from2000to2016.After the initial screening,the reserved articles were further detailed,summarized and concluded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Due to its biological properties such as being biocompatible,biodegradable and carrying many different growth factors,chitosan has been widely used in the tissue engineering field for repair of different tissues including nerve tissue,periodontal tissue,bone tissue,and myocardial tissue.However,the application of chitosan as a scaffold in tissue engineering is limited due to its shortcoming.The combination of chitosan and other biocompatible materials provides a solution to these limitations,which greatly broadens the application of chitosan.