蒽醌法生产过氧化氢加氢催化剂的研究进展

Advances in hydrogenation catalyst for the production of hydrogen peroxide through the anthroquinone route

加氢催化剂是蒽醌法生产过氧化氢(H2O2)的核心,很大程度上决定了装置的生产能力和成本,因而一直是蒽醌法工艺中的研究热点和需要重点突破的课题之一。高活性、高选择性和高稳定性的加氢催化剂不仅能显著提高生产效率,还可明显减少蒽醌降解物的生成,从而降低生产成本。本文简述了用于蒽醌加氢的镍基和钯基催化剂研究进展,特别重点介绍了Al2O3负载的钯基催化剂。总结了Al2O3载体的物理性质、表面酸性和修饰等因素对钯基加氢催化剂性能的影响,还介绍了近年来发展的新型钯基加氢催化剂。在此基础上,指出比表面积和孔径均较大、酸性和钯层厚度均适中、并且加入适当修饰剂的蛋壳型载钯催化剂是理想的蒽醌加氢催化剂。

Hydrogenation catalyst is the core for the production of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)through the anthraquinone route,which determines the production capacity and cost to a large extent,and thus it has always been the research spot and one of the key topics that needs to be studied.A hydrogenation catalyst with high activity,selectivity,and stability not only enhances the production efficiency,but also significantly decreases the formation of the degradation products derived from anthraquinone,and thus reduces the production cost.Herein,advances in the nickel and palladium-based catalysts for the hydrogenation of anthraquinone are reviewed,with special emphasis on the Al2O3-supported palladium-based catalysts.The effects of physical properties,surface acidity,and modification of the Al2O3support on the catalytic performance of palladium-based catalysts are reviewed.In addition,the recently developed novel palladium-based hydrogenation catalysts are also introduced.Finally,it is concluded that egg-shell palladium catalyst with large surface area and pore size,medium acidity and palladium penetration depth,and modified by proper additive(s),is the ideal catalyst for anthraquinone hydrogenation.